English Language & Usage Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for linguists, etymologists, and serious English language enthusiasts. Thank you so much. Luckily, his girlfriend agreed _________________ (help) him. But then, I got the ball in front of the basket with several other players around me. Writing down a list of things we appreciate is a good way to count our blessings every day. It is important to note the distinction betweenthe gerund verbandthe present participle. This handout provides a detailed overview (including descriptions and examples) of gerunds, participles, and infinitives. Im afraid I have to delay going on holiday because of my personal problems. A gerund phrase is a group of words consisting of a gerund and the modifier(s) and/or (pro)noun(s) or noun phrase(s) that function as the direct object(s), indirect object(s), or complement(s) of the action or state expressed in the gerund, such as: The gerund phrase functions as the subject of the sentence. Begin this activity by writing the year that is twenty years in the future on the board. Gerunds happen when you try to fancy up the prose or dialogue. I anticipate having the report done by Friday. The gerund phrase functions as the object of the preposition for. Put them in the correct form (gerund of infinitive) and then ask each other the questions. After a few minutes, she decided to follow him in. In order to boost happiness, there are five methods people can use. (I remember verb+ing), What is something that you often think about? Best wishes, Blandine. Next, have the students form pairs or small groups and share their futures with their partners. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus modifier(s), object(s), and/or complement(s). And thank you very much for sharing it! My friend Bernardo liked _________________ (eat) McDonald's hamburgers. Third, it helps to be optimistic. This les son plan is great. alcohol misuse, domestic violence. These are great to be used for ESL students as well as for ESL instructors. But one month ago, his girlfriend told him to lose weight, so he decidedto joina gym. Have you decided _________________ (do) anything special this weekend? Read through all the materials carefully. What did the author do to develop the ideas more completely? The present participle of a verb, and that is used with the verb 'to be', also ends with -ing but is not a gerund. Having to get up early wont bother me at all. Gerunds and present participles happen to look exactly the same in English, the first acting as a noun and the second as either an adjective, a verb denoting continuous action, or introducing a participle clause. Many streamers need to broadcast up to eight hours a day to keep people watching their channel. A 'gerund' is the name given to nouns ending with -ing. Great ideas! Put your students in pairs, and let them give it a try. Do not use an initial gerund in such sentences. 3. Verb Focus: love, start/stop, remember, forget, try. I want to travel around the world, so it would be a great job for me. Whenever Jordan was on the court, everyone expected him to dominate. If you want to be happy, you should do five things. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. I have highlighted the gerunds and infinitives so you can see how they are used in context. My friend Bernardo enjoys __________ . He's looking forward _________________ (lose) more weight. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. Infinitives: to swim, to hope, to tell, to eat, to dream. Writing advice is off-topic, but as commenters have noted, additionally is redundant with also, and one or the other should be removed. Once students have matched a job title to a description, they should stand together in a pair. swimming or the infinitive: to + verb e.g. But after two months, he only managed _________________ (lose) 3 pounds. a needle (direct object of action expressed in gerund) He decided to go on a diet. Has the cause of a rocket failure ever been mis-identified, such that another launch failed due to the same problem? Talk to yourself or type your answers in the comments. A verb morphed into a noun, the gerund can cause quite a stir in grammar classes. 7. I've also included example sentences and practice questions for you. Have you started _________________ (do) anything new recently? After filling in all the information, provide each student with a copy of the Travel Notes from Appendix 1. Students in Group B should take notes about the information they have learned. Due to this popularity, organizers of the Olympics are considering including e-sports in future Olympic games. Whether you use a gerund or an infinitive depends on the main verb in the sentence. Please contact me on my whats app: +593-991480533 Thanks so much. And we did! As a quick review, ask the students where the infinitive verbs are in the sentences above (Teachers could also ask students to idenitify gerunds here, though not the focus of this activity). Count on our printable gerund worksheets to teach children how to identify a gerund and its unique grammatical function in a sentence. Like other forms of writing, paragraphs follow a standard three-part structure with a beginning, middle, and end. A streamer earns money through advertisements, so the more people who watch, the more money a streamer can earn from his or her channel. Teresa expected Bernardo _________ weight, but nothing changed. Header and About Me photos courtesy of Sher the Love Photography, 2020 by English with Alex. Int. As you elicit the verb forms, writethe main verbs, When finished,tell your students to try to, At the end of class, I give my students the story I had read them at the beginning with. To conclude this activity, have the students come to the front of the class and share their sentences. Proudly created with Wix.com. rev2023.4.21.43403. Which paragraph is more formal and sophisticated? Is it wrong to start sentences with "in which case"? Which one has a gerund as the object of the verb? In the beginning, it was difficult to go regularly. The infinitive is the base form of a . The gerundis a verb that acts like a noun in a sentence. These students should find a country to which they would like to travel. Note: E-Sports is defined as a multiplayer video game played competitively by professional gamers and watched by fans. Like nouns, gerunds can function in various ways in a sentence. These questions match the verbs in Story #2 above. Great material! For example, 'She likes playing the guitar .'. Being married will not make me happy. Competing as a professional video gamer is difficult. In the first sentence, the verb is "wants" and the infinitive is "to work", In the second sentence, the verb is "is" and the infinitive is "to listen", Making your writing more formal and academic. The students listen and then record themselves. Another method to boost happiness is by using our strengths. (From time to time, I think about), What's an activity that you stopped doing at some point in your life? Other video gamers have turned their hobby into a career as streamers, and many former professional gamers switch from competition to streaming video games. Fling this rule away, wherever you heard or misheard it. In this case you can see that it is a form and development of the verb 'to cycle.'. On the day he and his family were going to depart, there was a big snowstorm. Using these six sentences, write a paragraph using either a gerund or an infinitive where appropriate. 4. Part One includes a homework assignment for the students to research a country. Whenever it gives an idea voice. Infinitive: You can tell that to dance is an infinitive because "to" precedes the word "dance." Gerund: The verbal breaking serves as a noun.It is also the object of the preposition of. English version of Russian proverb "The hedgehogs got pricked, cried, but continued to eat the cactus", enjoy another stunning sunset 'over' a glass of assyrtiko. Both gerunds and infinitives can replace a noun as the object of a verb. Thank you so much! What are the verbs? Note for Purdue Students: Schedule a consultation at the on-campus writing lab to get more in-depth writing help from one of our tutors. It`s an excellent explanation of boring grammar rules: the students liked it. When I Was a Kid: A Story to Practice Gerunds and Infinitives, One of my favourite childhood memories was when our elementary school team played in the championship game. Then write a short paragraph (at least six sentences) with gerunds and infinitives about your friend/family member. It uses gerunds, infinitives, and a variety of modals, The second paragraph is more formal because it uses first person plural and third person, and it is more sophisticated because it has more sentence variety. In this case you can see that it is a form and development of the verb '. Identify the gerunds and infinitives in the second paragraph, The first paragraph uses second person (you) It uses one modal, "should," and the imperative voice. a. Their job is to listen to the question and indicate if it's correct or incorrect. While students are brainstorming, write the following on the board: A location scout would be an interesting job, because I like to meet new people. A gerund is formed by adding -ing to the base form of the verb. So after arriving in Honolulu, his family had to stop _____________ some clothes for him. Consult the lists below to find out which form to use following which verbs. Most English speakers go through their entire lives not knowing what a gerund is, whilst happily using them in their everyday speech without any problems! He hesitated _________ in, but he finally did. A streamers job is to play video games online and broadcast the gameplay on his or her channel for others to watch. 4. Doctors use these blood samples to understand why a patient is ill. My job is to act in movies when a scene is too dangerous for a movie star. Beginning, middle, or end of a paragraph; gerund, participle, or simply a word with that particular spelling it does not matter. What is something that you have recently avoided to do? For example, in "I was reading a book when you telephoned me" the main verb is was, and reading is the 'present participle' functioning as an auxiliary verb, NOT as a noun. I expect to have the report done by Friday. If you were married, what would you promise ___________ (do) for your partner? Now, his girlfriend has suggested _________________ (join) a gym. "Becoming colder by the second, we hurried to the refuge.". For the gerund and infinitive exercises below you have to decide if you need the gerund: verb + ing e.g. In the airport parking lot, his father actually hit another car. Our confidence began to disappear. While students share their answers, check their matches for correctness. Sentence one, with the gerund, is correct. 5. Give each student in group B one job description card. This is about writing style and readability. When I was a kid, I wanted to be a basketball player. It was so helpful and more practical. She decide/visit/ British Columbia. Are you used to _________________ (study) English in this class? The car keptsliding. "I suggested going to dinner." Why? shifting verb tenses back when the reporting verb is in the past tense) and, Activities for Teaching Gerunds & Infinitives (ESL). A gerund virtually never requires any punctuation with it. 5. You should do kind actions. ), They do not appreciate my singing. It is simply a technical term used by linguistic analysts within their speciality field. But one month ago, his girlfriend told him __________ weight, so he decided __________ a gym. Explain to students that in this example, 'playing the guitar' functions as the noun and is the name of the activity that she likes. This was difficult for him because he enjoyed _________________ (eat) chocolate and he preferred _________________ (drink) beer to Diet Coke! Now, Im going to try it in the stories. (Direct object) (enter) 3. Why did it sound odd to you? He promised __________ home by 10 p.m. It may seem easy to broadcast yourself ______________ (play) games on the internet, but the life of a streamer can be difficult. Ask them what kinds of video games they play and what they enjoy about video games. For example, in "I like cycling" the noun cycling is a gerund. 4. 8. Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition, New blog post from our CEO Prashanth: Community is the future of AI. Practice with Gerunds and Infinitives Ask a friend or family the questions below. Give the students time to complete the reading and to fill in the gerund and infinitive blanks. He triedto stop, but he couldn't. Then ask the class, If someone came to our country to visit, what should he or she know before arriving?. Describe your favorite memory from your childhood. A few weeks passed. Gerunds and gerund phrases as a subject A subject of a sentence shows who or what the sentence is about or refers to the person or thing performing the action (verb) in a sentence. He also really likes __________. The exercises are great ! I plan to use all the activities. Use the following verbs and adjectives to create sentences about the future. Finally, when they got inside the airport, Bernardo realized that he had forgotten _____________ clothes. This way of memorising/understanding seems to be more efficient then making students lean lists of words. This activity takes place during two separate class periods. He tried _____________ but he couldn't. What were the poems other than those by Donne in the Melford Hall manuscript? 4 Indirect object: My sister gave biking a try. We were winning by 16 points, but the other team came back to make the game close. Bernardo lovestraveling. Where will they live? Looking after many children keeps Susan busy. They answer comprehension questions and write sentences about themselves using gerunds and infinitives. Language Focus: Verbs followed by gerunds and/or infinitives, English Level: Intermediate, upper-Intermediate. We are so grateful for your works. She caught him eating a Big Mac. Look at these examples with the gerund phrases used in different ways: Reading books quietly is my favorite pastime. He was gaining weight. What should you do to overcome the obstacle? One day, she followed him home from work. In these cases, we have to choose to use either an infinitive or a gerund. A gerund is a verb that ends with -ing but functions as a noun. This weeks lesson introduces WOOP, which is a way of planning for future success. He hopes that he never stopstraveling. Speaking, reading (primary focus); listening, writing (secondary focus), Activity Part One: dreaming of the future. In the next paragraphs, we will demonstrate how to use a gerund, and how not to mix it up with a present participle and an infinitive. Please support your answer (sources are nice). Like a noun, a gerund can be the subject or subject complement of a sentence, the object of a verb, or the object of a preposition Study these sentences. However, since a gerund functions as a noun, it occupies some positions in a sentence that a noun ordinarily would, for example: subject, direct object, subject complement, and object of preposition. his constituents (direct object of action expressed in gerund). An infinitive is formed with "to" and the base form of the verb. Then write a short paragraph (at least six sentences) with gerunds and infinitives about your friend/family member. Gerund phrases can be used as a subject in a sentence. I have highlighted the gerunds and infinitives so you can see how they are used in context. Middle school students begin to learn more about grammar and complex sentence structure in the eighth grade when they are introduced to verbals, which include participles, infinitives and gerunds. Many young people enjoy playing video games. The activities are wonderful ! Activity Part One: Professional gamer reading. But whereas the English language style does not take the gerund form, the French language does. 5. Hiking is one of his favorite activities. If students are likely to all pick the same country or similar countries, you can have students draw the names of countries out of a hat or box to ensure students all pick different countries. In Spanish the term gerundio refers to the adverbial participle. Many young people enjoy ______________ (play) video games. Thank you. Now they refuse to speak to each other. What are you looking forward to doing tomorrow. Conclude the activity by having the students share their WOOP plans with the class. With a partner, look at the questions below (together). (Past) participle: Implied in this sentence is the verbal phrase, that has been preceding the verbal . 7. 50 Examples of Gerunds, Definition and Example Sentences, Examples of Gerunds, Gerund Phrases, Definition and Example Sentences, The Gerund, Detailed Expressions and Example Sentences, Sentences with Navigate, Navigate in a Sentence in English, Sentences For Navigate, Sentences with Narrate, Narrate in a Sentence in English, Sentences For Narrate, Sentences with Naive, Naive in a Sentence in English, Sentences For Naive, Sentences with Mute, Mute in a Sentence in English, Sentences For Mute, Sentences with Murmur, Murmur in a Sentence in English, Sentences For Murmur. He hopes that he never stops _____________. (I enjoyed playing), What do you remember doing with your friends after school? "Living in Costa Rica also gave me the opportunity to interact with the local population." 7. I would assume then, based on your final paragraph, that if one chose to use the adverb (ordinarily), . My dream of being a basketball player ended in grade 9. The three verbals gerunds, infinitives, and participlesare formed from verbs, but are never used alone as action words in sentences.Instead, verbals function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. Video gaming as a professional sport, or e-sports, is the fastest growing sporting event in the world. Getting to Know You - An Intermediate Integrated-Skills Module for English Learners (Ferguson), { "3.1:_Grammar:_Using_Gerunds_and_Infinitives_for_Sentence_Variety" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.
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